401k

401(k) Contributions Don’t Mean Tax Savings

Every year, I hear the same misconception.

Someone tells me, “I put $23,000 into my 401(k), so I saved $23,000 on taxes.”

But that’s not how it works.

Putting money into a traditional 401(k) or IRA does not save you money on taxes. At least not right away. What you’re really doing is deferring taxes. You are choosing to delay paying tax until later, usually during retirement.

That may sound like a technicality, but it can make a big difference.

When you contribute to a tax-deferred account, you reduce your taxable income today. You don’t pay taxes on that money this year. But you will when you withdraw it later.

So the real question is, “is it worth it?”

It depends on your current and future tax brackets.

Let’s walk through an example.

Scenario 1: High Earner Today, Lower Income in Retirement

  • You currently earn $450,000
  • You’re in the 32% tax bracket
  • You contribute $23,000 to your 401(k)
  • That defers $7,360 in taxes this year

Now fast forward to retirement.

You’re spending $200,000 per year. That puts you in the 24% bracket. When you withdraw the $23,000, you owe $5,520 in taxes.

You avoided $7,360 and only paid $5,520. That’s real savings.

Scenario 2: Middle-Income Earner, Same Bracket in Retirement

  • You currently earn $200,000
  • You’re in the 24% tax bracket
  • You contribute $23,000 to your 401(k)
  • That defers $5,520 in taxes this year

In retirement, you’re still in the 24% bracket. When you take out the money, you owe the same $5,520 in taxes.

In this case, you didn’t save. You only delayed the bill.

Why This Matters

People often assume any 401(k) contribution means automatic tax savings. But that only happens when you withdraw the money at a lower tax rate than when you contributed it.

Choosing between a traditional 401(k) and a Roth 401(k) depends on your current income, future spending needs, and tax outlook. There is no one-size-fits-all answer.

If your income is high now and likely to be lower later, tax deferral can be a great strategy. But if you are in a lower bracket today, a Roth contribution might be the better long-term play.

Know your numbers. Know your brackets. And don’t blindly follow common advice without running the math.